Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) are ion transporters that play important roles in osmotic
pressure balance in crustaceans. Oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) is oneof themost economically
important shrimps in China. This species can live in freshwater and low-salt water, but the molecular mechanism
of salinity regulation is unclear. In this study, full-length cDNAs of M. nipponense α-NKA and CA were obtained by
rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR (GenBank accession numbers MH378774 and MH827971, respectively),
and characterised. Full-length cDNAs of Mnα-NKA (3778 bp) and MnCA (1407 bp) contain open reading
frames of 3030 bp and 930 bp, respectively, encoding polypeptides of 1009 and 930 amino acids. Bioinformatic
analysis showed that Mnα-NKA and MnCA harbour the representative features of NKAs and CAs, and share high
homology with orthologs in other crustaceans. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that Mnα-NKA and MnCA
were expressed in various tissues, with highest expression in posterior gills and hepatopancreas. Both Mnα-
NKA andMnCAwere up-regulated in response to salinity acclimation, but expression patterns differed. Our results
provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism regulating salinity acclimation in M. nipponense.